Facing a steep rise in raw material and interest costs, pharmaceutical companies have sought an increase in prices of regulated medicines, saying otherwise they may be forced to curtail production of certain medicines that have become unprofitable.
Industry experts, analysts say the proposal is 'impractical'. The country's oil refining companies are hopeful that the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries will implement a price band for crude oil which they say will bring more certainty to their operations.
The realty companies include Housing Development and Infrastructure Ltd and Hyderabad-based Vasundhara Projects, while the oil services company is Hydrocarbon Resources Development.
Profits of the country's oil marketing companies - Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum Corporation and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation - fell by as much as 29 per cent in 2007-08 in spite of an up to 56 per cent rise in the oil bonds these companies received during the year compared with 2006-07.
Stiff competition in a highly fragmented market has led the domestic drug makers to depend on brand extensions rather than new product launches to corner a market share. A market intelligence study, organised by prescription audit company ORG IMS Health, has found that one in every three brands launched in the country is a brand extension. Such products comprise 18 per cent of the Rs 28,000-crore domestic pharmaceutical market.
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, the country's most profitable company, is far behind its global counterparts in terms of revenue earned per barrel. The oil major makes a profit of around $10 a barrel for every barrel of oil it sells, while its global peers earn a profit of over $70 a barrel.
Ranbaxy, Cipla and other Indian drug makers are helping US retailer Wal-Mart sell drugs at low cost and boost revenue.
Apart from a five per cent share of the Indian pharmaceutical market, the purchase of Ranbaxy will take Daiichi Sankyo way ahead of others in the race among Indian companies for patent-protected drugs. A recent paper on 'Patenting Landscape in India' by Evalueserve shows that Ranbaxy alone accounts for over 23 per cent of the total medicine patent applications filed by major domestic companies in India.
Malvinder, who has made his family richer by Rs 10,000 crore (Rs 100 billion), was brought up in relative austerity. While his cousins zipped around the town in fancy cars, he would travel to college in Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) buses.
The under-realisation on fuel sales reported by the country's oil companies is overstated by as much as 15 per cent, according to experts, though this does not mean that the oil companies are making profits on selling subsidised petrol, diesel, cooking gas and kerosene.
The medicines include tuberculosis drug moxifloxacin, antipsychotic olanzapine and valgancicloivir, a medicine often needed for HIV/AIDS patients. The groups allege that none of these drugs qualified the criteria specified under the Indian Patents Act and were given patent protection because the patent examiners overlooked the legal safeguards meant to avoid grant of patents to known substances or their mere improvements.
The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority has revised prices of 440 medicines. Around 300 medicines have seen price cuts, while the others have seen a hike, sources said. The extent of the revisions is not known as yet.
Under-recoveries by state-owned oil marketing companies are set to hit a new record in June with the under-realisation on the sale of diesel, the largest selling fuel and also the most politically sensitive, almost matching the subsidised selling price.
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, the country's largest oil and gas producer, is planning to sell 30 to 40 per cent each in two blocks in Vietnam to share the risks and drilling costs. ONGC owns 100 per cent in the two deepwater exploration blocks.
The domestic drug industry is concerned over ongoing World Health Organisation negotiations that aim to bring non-health issues, having no direct implications on the safety of a drug, within the ambit of the definition of "counterfeit medicine".
A depreciation in the value of the rupee against the dollar, coupled with surging crude oil prices, are likely to push the country's crude oil import bill to over $100 billion in 2008-09, from $77.02 billion in 2007-08, according to industry officials.
The domestic supply of diesel has been constrained on rapidly growing demand. The diversion of supplies from Reliance Industries, which was given export-oriented unit status last year, has added to the shortage. Reliance produces 10 million tonnes of diesel from Jamnagar.
Rising export of petroleum products helped Commerce Minister Kamal Nath meet 96 per cent of the targeted $160 billion worth of exports in 2007-08, but it could not contain the country's net oil import bill. The net oil import bill in 2007-08 is likely to rise by around 41 per cent over 2006-07 as the country's refineries consumed 9 per cent more crude oil to meet surging demand even as crude oil prices rose nearly 53 per cent during the year.
After the UK-based Hinduja group, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation's proposed Rs 26,500-crore (Rs 265 billion) refinery at Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, has found new suitors in Reliance Industries and Essar Oil.
The value of the stake is not immediately known but ONGC Videsh Ltd (OVL) -- the overseas investment arm of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation -- is likely to pay an initial $300 million for drilling operations. Russian company Rosneft, which owns 70 per cent in the project, will be offloading its stake to OVL if the deal goes through. The remaining 30 per cent stake is held by China National Petroleum Corporation.
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